If you have an injury or surgery that affects your ability to walk, recovery often starts with getting back on your feet. Doing so may require a medical device called a walking aid. Consequently, learning how to use crutches, a cane or a walker may be an important part of your rehabilitation.

Why do walking aids matter? Walking without assistance isn't always possible in the first few days or weeks after an injury or operation, such as joint replacement surgery. However, being mobile as soon as your medical providers say it's OK can be key to your recovery. By walking, you can maintain muscle strength, improve blood flow, stay independent and boost your mood. Using a walking aid can help you reap the benefits of walking while you heal.

Your medical provider may recommend using crutches for a short time if you need to keep weight off your leg after an injury or surgery. Crutches provide support to help you move around safely without taxing your leg.

To use crutches effectively, start by taking the correct stance before you begin moving. Place the crutches under your arms, with the tops resting no more than 2 inches below your armpits. The handgrips should be parallel to your hips. Grab the handgrips with your elbows slightly bent.

Start your step by bending slightly forward and placing the crutches about a foot ahead of you. Place weight on your hands, move your body forward between the crutches, and step with the foot of your non-injured leg. Keep your head up, eyes forward and crutches clear of your feet. Follow your provider's instructions about whether you need to keep all weight off the injured leg or adopt a partial weight-bearing movement.

Crutches aren't right for everyone. If you have minor pain, weakness, or balance problems, a single- or four-point cane may be a good option. A cane is easy to use – simply hold it in the hand opposite your weak leg and let the cane bear the bulk of the weight when you step with that leg. Removing some of the burdens of weight can help soothe a painful hip or knee.

After surgery on your knee, leg, or hip, you may need maximum support and stability when walking. That's where a walker comes in. Ask your medical provider what type is best for you. Some walkers have two or four wheels, while others have none.

To use a walker, stand up straight and grip the handrails with your elbows slightly bent. Next, with the walker slightly in front of you, move your injured leg forward into the open space between the walker's sides. Finally, support your weight with your hands as you move your good leg forward next to the injured one.

No matter what type of walking aid you use, you may need to change a few things at home to prevent falls. To start, try these steps:

• Boost bathroom safety by installing a raised toilet seat, grab bars, nonslip bath mats, and a shower seat, if necessary.
• Clear your floors of tripping hazards, such as cords, loose rugs, boxes, and pet or children's toys.
• Don't try to carry small items, such as your phone or the TV remote, while using your crutches, cane, or walker. Instead, place items in your pockets or a backpack. If your walker has a basket, use it. 
• Ensure rooms, hallways and stairways are well-lit.
• Make wide pathways through rooms by repositioning your furniture.