Whether you're dealing with joint pain from arthritis, a sports injury or just wear and tear, cortisone shots might be a solution you’ve heard about or even considered. But how do steroid injections work exactly? Knowing what to expect may help you decide if cortisone shots are the right option for your joint pain.

Cortisone Shots 101

Cortisone shots are steroid injections that reduce pain and inflammation, particularly for conditions such as arthritis, bursitis and tendinitis. Once administered, a cortisone injection typically starts to reduce pain and inflammation within a few days.

The Long or Short of a Cortisone Shot: Does It Last?

The duration of pain relief from a cortisone shot will vary depending on the severity of the condition and the specific joint involved. For some, relief might be short-term, lasting only a few weeks, while others might enjoy pain-free movement for several months.

Cortisone shots may need to be repeated to offer significant relief, or you may only need one occasionally to ease your pain. If you don’t experience significant pain relief after the first and second rounds of injections, your physician may suggest a different course of treatment. Current cortisone injection guidelines recommend no more than four shots per year.

Pros and Cons of Cortisone Shots

Just like any medical option, cortisone injections have both benefits and drawbacks. Pros include:

• Effective pain relief. Cortisone shots can be a solution for those struggling with chronic joint pain. They are known for their ability to provide significant pain relief, often when other treatments have failed.
• Quick and convenient. The procedure is relatively quick, and it’s typically done in a doctor's office with minimal preparation or recovery time. This makes it a convenient option for busy people who want to return to work or play sports as soon as possible.
• Reduced inflammation. Steroid shots mimic the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by your adrenal glands. This makes steroid shots particularly effective for reducing inflammation in targeted areas, which may allow you to move more freely.

Cons include:

• Short-term relief. For some, the pain relief provided by a cortisone shot may be short-lived. If you're looking for long-term solutions, cortisone shots might not be the best standalone treatment.
• Common side effects. While cortisone shots are generally safe, they have some common side effects. These can include:

• An allergic reaction (rare, but possible)
• A temporary spike in blood sugar levels, so those with diabetes need to stay vigilant following a cortisone shot
• Short-term pain at the injection site
• Thinning of the skin, or changes in skin color around the injection site
• Weakened tendons, making them more vulnerable to rupture
• Potential for overuse. Cortisone shots can also be overused. Getting them more frequently than recommended can lead to joint damage or weakening of the tendons over time.

Making the right decision

Cortisone shots can be a practical part of a comprehensive pain management strategy for active adults. They offer the possibility of quick, significant pain relief, especially when joint pain or inflammation limits your ability to maintain your vitality and enjoy your everyday activities. However, understanding the potential side effects and limitations of steroid injections will help you and your physician make an informed decision about your treatment options.